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Poster Session

Poster Session

Poster Session

P42 - Entomologic and Environmental Assessments at La Crosse Encephalitis Case Residences in Western North Carolina (2023-2025)

Wednesday, March 25, 2026
12:15 PM - 1:45 PM PDT
Location: Hall A
Abstract: La Crosse encephalitis (LACE), an arboviral disease primarily affecting children, remains a persistent public health challenge in Western North Carolina (WNC). The region has some of the nation’s highest incidence rates, with hospitalizations representing only a small fraction of true infections. To better understand and mitigate household-level risk, we conducted entomologic and environmental assessments at confirmed LACE case residences between 2023 and 2025.

A standardized field protocol was implemented across seven WNC counties to characterize mosquito habitats, vector abundance, household member exposures, and environmental risk factors. Key findings include 1) Confirmed presence of Aedes triseriatus mosquitoes infected with La Crosse virus (LACV) at a case residence 1 week post hospitalization, demonstrating persistent local transmission potential, 2) Detection of both native and invasive LACV vector species at case residences, 3) Demonstration of the utility of a revised Premise Condition Index as a rapid assessment tool for environmental risk, and 4) Insights into exposure risks of household residences based on LACV IgG serology and a novel Aedes triseriatus salivary gland IgG ELISA.

Our findings underscore the importance of timely household investigations, localized vector control, and clinician awareness to prevent recurrent pediatric cases. Our study establishes a foundation for sustained LACE case responses, community education, and enhanced preparedness for arboviral threats.